Although part of a lower strength may at least in theory be attributable to a lower ability to voluntarily activate the muscle, we found no difference in voluntary activation between smokers and non-smokers, and if anything, even an increased VA has been reported in smokers 19
Nicotine : Nicotine is a highly addictive chemical compound that tobacco leaves naturally produce, especially when they undergo combustion
In one study, the total glutathione, reduced glutathione, and protein-bound glutathione content in lung tissue of Sprague-Dawley rats with whole-body exposure to smoke from 2R1 reference cigarettes for 30 days, three times per day, were significantly lower than those in unexposed controls (Park et al
This is a relatively simple and inexpensive exposure that captures both the water-soluble particulate and gas phase components [18]
But this is a way to get to a more renewable economy