Others may only need injections once a month or even less frequently
Published work on intranasal peptide delivery (for insulin analogs, calcitonin, and oxytocin) demonstrates that bioavailability for this size class without enhancers is typically in the low single-digit percent range, though these data are from different peptides with different charge profiles
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But, this is often in the case where you use water with a TDS of 0 ppm, and the water doesnt trap air bubbles
While oral BPC-157 offers convenience and easier administration, the significant difference in bioavailability makes injectable forms the preferred choice for therapeutic applications requiring consistent peptide delivery