Kaufman and the anti-desmin antibody (D3) developed by Dr
Metformin is usually chosen first because it is affordable, well tolerated long term, and effective for the majority of people newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
EXCLI J 19:1387 Kim C, Spencer B, Rockenstein E, Yamakado H, Mante M, Adame A, Fields JA, Masliah D, Iba M, Lee HJ, Rissman RA (2018) Immunotherapy targeting toll-like receptor 2 alleviates neurodegeneration in models of synucleinopathy by modulating -synuclein transmission and neuroinflammation
Additionally, ketamine activates the NLRP3 inflammasome, inducing caspase-1 activation and neuronal pyroptosis, further contributing to neuroinflammation in regions, such as the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (Zhang et al., 2021)
However, our study has several limitations