With over 100 peer-reviewed publications indexed in PubMed and a research history spanning more than three decades, BPC-157 is one of the most extensively studied cytoprotective peptides in the preclinical literature
Clinical studies, such as the one conducted at Penn State, have shown significant increases in blood and cellular glutathione levels in as little as one to two weeks of daily use
Its binding to VMAT2 is very strong, making it's effect appear irreversible, with trace amounts of the drug remaining bound to vesicular membranes for many days, and its clinical effects lasting many days to weeks, and may persist until new transporter proteins are synthesized (German et al, 2015
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) minimize oxidative stress, a primary cause of nephrotoxicity through cell regeneration which protects kidneys
Lymphatic vessel network structure and physiology