The molecular axis constituted by System Xc GSHGPX4 and its dysregulation in OA have been repeatedly verified and confirmed in multiple independent studies, establishing it as a closely watched potential therapeutic target for intervening in ferroptosis (Figure 1)
N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) for Glutathione Synthesis Support N-acetylcysteine, a precursor to glutathione, provides the rate-limiting cysteine amino acid necessary for glutathione synthesis
Overall, glutathiones therapeutic applications with documented outcomes include: (1) chemotherapy neuroprotection (robust RCT evidence), (2) dermatologic pigmentation and skin property modulation (multiple RCTs with modest effects), (3) exploratory use in PD (pilot and ongoing/complete trials), (4) modulation of oxidative stress and immune function biomarkers with formulation-dependent efficacy, and (5) biomarker effects in ASD without symptom data
Health and Human Services, who himself is advocating peptides, stem cells, and other interventions for which data are lacking
Trimethylamine N-oxide-induced cooperative folding of an intrinsically unfolded transcription-activating fragment of human glucocorticoid receptor