Medical conditions affecting absorption warrant particular attention : Pernicious anaemia : an autoimmune condition destroying gastric parietal cells, requiring lifelong B12 injections Gastrointestinal surgery : particularly gastric bypass, gastrectomy, or terminal ileum resection Inflammatory bowel disease : Crohn's disease affecting the terminal ileum impairs absorption Coeliac disease : untreated disease damages the small intestine, reducing B12 uptake Medication use : long-term metformin therapy (MHRA safety alert) or nitrous oxide exposure Symptoms suggesting possible B12 deficiency include : persistent fatigue, weakness, paraesthesia (pins and needles) in hands or feet, glossitis (sore, red tongue), mood changes, memory problems, or unexplained anaemia
In a recent review (2018) by the famous Cochrane Institute, it was reported that studies which had been published on this topic only provided very low-quality evidence that oral B12 is as efficacious as intramuscular B12
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Inflammation & Skin Irritation Control: Helps reduce redness, irritation, and inflammation, improving overall skin health
Sunburn follows a clear pattern matching sun exposure, with sharp lines where clothing provided protection
