Those cleavage products (GLP-1 [7-36] amide) have only weak insulinotropic agonist activities on the GLP-1 receptor
For example, in post-MI patients (n = 78, age 60.2 14.2), addition of L-arginine (3 3 g/d) to the post-MI treatment regimen for 6 months does not improve vascular stiffness or left ventricular function compared to patients receiving placebo (n = 75, age 60.4 12.9) (Schulman et al., 2006)
"This leads to under-fueling, which actually backfires as it can result in extreme fatigue and muscle loss
Some patients find that eating smaller, more frequent meals helps manage hunger, whilst others benefit from a structured three-meal pattern
On the other hand, commonly, the activation of receptors should be the only direct action of a neurotransmitter [12,13,14]