What Are Peptides, and How Do They Signal Recovery
Future trials should prioritize adaptive designs to evaluate combinations (e.g., NOX inhibitors + Nrf2 activators) and digital health tools (e.g., continuous glucose/BP monitoring) for dynamic OS assessment
Timing of administration relative to surgical procedures, optimal dosing in perioperative settings, and integration with standard post-operative care protocols require clinical investigation before establishing evidence-based perioperative protocols
Water retention Mild fluid retention during initial weeks
Moreover, rats treated with 1% neohesperidin dihydrochalcone for 1 month showed reduced amygdala neuroinflammation via suppression of cAMP/PKA pathway activity, restoration of cortical 5-HT, DA, and NE levels, and reversal of anxiety- and depression-like behaviors (Jiang et al., 2023)