BECN1 and ATG7 have been identified as potential biomarkers (174).Long-term high glucose can deplete autophagy-related proteins or inhibit flux through AGEs, weakening antioxidant protection and thereby exacerbating ferroptosis
We were looking at these rodent studies, and were like, these look really promising. And were doing the math on species conversions to figure out human doses. Nobody was under the illusion that what they were doing was definitively safe, he continued
Understanding this distinction is important for patients experiencing digestive symptoms whilst taking B12 supplements
Common side effects include: Injection site reactions mild pain, redness, swelling, or bruising at the injection site, typically resolving within a few days Headache usually transient and manageable with standard analgesia Nausea or dizziness particularly in the initial treatment phase Skin reactions including itching, mild rash, or acneiform eruptions Temporary urine discolouration red or orange urine is harmless and expected Diarrhoea or flushing usually mild and self-limiting In patients with severe megaloblastic anaemia, low potassium levels (hypokalaemia) may occur during initial intensive treatment, but this is uncommon in routine maintenance therapy
Malek A, Sager R, Zakher A, Schneider H