Excessive ROS production can lead to cellular damage by increasing the formation of AGEs, its receptor (RAGE), protein kinase C (PKC), and NF-B
Peptides like Ozempic can share attributes with biologics
Simple measures that help many people immediately include staying hydrated, trying small sips of water during episodes, practicing gentle swallowing techniques, avoiding throat clearing, and using a humidifier to reduce throat dryness
Even accounting for individual dose adjustments, compounded GLP-1 remains significantly more affordable than brand-name alternatives
However, these effects are unlikely to fully explain the magnitude of benefit observed on the clinical outcomes for either class. Adults using an SGLT2 inhibitor had a lower risk for all-cause mortality than those not using an SGLT2 (HR = 0.89