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9 OFF-LABEL USES OF HYDROQUINONE Disorders of hyperpigmentation including but not limited to chloasma, melasma, ephelides, and solar lentigines 5,6,8 HYDROQUINONE DOSING Topical application to affected areas twice a day

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Future research should prioritize high-quality trials to evaluate mitochondrial-targeted interventions, validate redox-based biomarkers, and optimize treatment protocols for improved patient outcomes

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10.1016/j.ab.2016.02.007 414 MirankerA.RobinsonC