However, modern advancements in supplement formulation have significantly improved the bioavailability of oral B12, making it a more effective option than ever before
And despite the fact that this is well established in the literature, you wouldnt know it based on how many doctors continue to order serum B12 levels
Among food groups, you find vitamin B12 in meat and various animal products
Comprehensive blood work test panels include not only serum B12 blood test results but also homocysteine levels , folate deficiencies assessment, and evaluation of related nutrients including Vitamin D3 and essential minerals
20 Systematic reviews: Oral vitamin B 12 replacement for the treatment of pernicious anemia 21 Relevant articles were identified by PubMed search from January 1, 1980 to March 31, 2016, focusing on patients with pernicious anemia