In parallel, cystinosin (CTNS) exports lysosomal cystine to the cytosol, linking lysosomal function to cysteine availability and GSH synthesis 141
Conclusions and perspectives UA induces oxidative stress, the inflammatory response in the -cells, and decreases GSIS, causing -cell apoptosis
A 2025 literature and patent review cataloged effects across many organ systems and called the preclinical base large for a single peptide
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