When the FDA restricts a compound that patients want and doctors believe in, those patients dont stop seeking it
Plant-derived bioactive substances, including polyphenols (flavonoids, phenolic acids, anthocyanins), polysaccharides (inulin, fructooligosaccharides, plant polysaccharides), saponins (ginsenosides, astragaloside IV), and alkaloids (berberine), have been shown to possess multiple biological activities such as gut microbiota modulation, intestinal barrier improvement, reduction of inflammatory factor release, and antioxidant effects ( Probiotics and prebiotics, as nutritional intervention approaches for gut microbiota modulation, have shown promising application prospects in DKD management
11 This means that only a small fraction of the dose actually reaches the bloodstream, significantly reducing the drugs effectiveness
AK and SC draft the manuscript
When these compounds are put together into a solution that is injected into the bloodstream, it enters the body without any possibility of facing dilution or being inefficiently absorbed into the gut
