The inclusion criteria were (i) studies involving dietary or food polyphenols and their health outcomes, (ii) studies reported on bioavailability and metabolism of dietary polyphenols, (iii) studies performed in gut-microbiota-aided dietary polyphenol metabolites and their effects in vitro or in vivo models, (iv) interaction between dietary polyphenols and gut microbiotas, and (v) studies published from 2011 to 2025 (15 years, both years included)
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Semaglutide in SUSTAIN-6 trial reduced the risk of MACE by 26% in patients with T2D, mostly by reducing rate of nonfatal stroke (39%) compared to placebo
Key Takeaway: Used off-label primarily for patients who plateau on GLP-1 alone Are Mood Effects Something to Watch For
508,509,510,511 Additionally, GLP-1 mitigates liver inflammation and fibrosis by inhibiting the NF-B pathway, reducing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF- and IL-6, and thus suppressing inflammatory pathways