Intriguingly, N-terminally truncated and C-terminal fragments of the native GLP-1 peptide also generate acute cardioprotection, independent of the canonical GLP-1R by acting through mitochondrial pathways [[43], [44], [45]]
[4] [5] He is the editor of Obesity Before Birth: Maternal and Prenatal Influences on the Offspring (2010), and author of Fat Chance: Beating the Odds against Sugar, Processed Food, Obesity, and Disease (2013)
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The glucagon-centric hypothesis, first proposed by Unger et al., posits that dysregulated glucagon secretion constitutes a common pathogenic mechanism in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes